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Carrosserie
Graber
Hermann Graber / Wichtrach (Switzerland)
This story starts with Panhard-Levassor 20 CV. With its brilliantly
designed and finished coachwork it gained first place at the 1929 Concours
d 'Elegance
in the fashionable St. Moritz in Switzerland. A 25 year old master
craftsman - Hermann Graber from Wichtrach in Switzerland - had created the
body and brought the car to St. Moritz and with its success he achieved
valuable publicity. A mere two years previously he had built his first
cabriolet-body as an independent coachbuilder. In 1927 a Fiat 508 had been
coachbuilt. This story could have started with Fiat. It testifies to the
outstanding quality of the young man's work, that within two years his
ability was so highly considered, that he was placed at the top against
strong competition.
The basis for this was a sensitivity for highly elegant and well
balanced lines in combination with perfect craftsmanship and accepting
nothing else than carefully selected material. Hermann Graber followed
these criteria all his lifetime - and it maintained his success. Born in
1904 he grew up during a time when the relation between men and the
automobile in Switzerland was an extremely difficult one. For example it
is but a fact, that until 1928 in the county of Graubünden laws existed
which didn't permit the use of an automobile at all...
Hermann Graber followed his father's tradition and became a
coachbuilder, mainly for horsedrawn vehicles. He devoted himself to
motorcar bodies after several journeys to foreign countries. Against much
resistance, in Switzerland, he became successful as an independent
coachbuilder in what can only be considered as a relatively short time.
The majority of his creations were produced for the chassis of French
or Italian vehicles, from time to time a body was build for a German or an
American upper crust motor car. Surprisingly it is often said that only
after WWII was the first body erected on British chassis. It is said that
the first English automobile with coachwork by Graber has been a 1949
Rover, finished as a four-seater cabriolet in 1950.

Rolls-Royce 20 H.P., 1926, #GZK58, Tourer by Gangloff (CH)
(Photo
courtesy of Swiss Transport Museum, Luzern)
However, at least one Rolls-Royce was bodied by Graber even before
WWII. A 1926 Rolls-Royce 20 H.P., chassis-no *GZK58* had started life as a
tourer by Gangloff (CH) and became the subject of re-bodying as a two door
cabriolet by Graber in 1933. This is now the property of the Verkehrshaus
der Schweiz (National Motor Museum of Switzerland) in Luzern. But it is
not to be found there on permanent exhibition: most of its life is now
spent stored in a cellar. Mr. Neher, who had ordered the body for the
Rolls-Royce must have been very satisfied with Graber's work.

Rolls-Royce 20 H.P., 1926, #GZK58, rebodied 1933 by Graber (CH)
(Photo
courtesy of Swiss Transport Museum, Luzern)
About a year later he purchased a new Bentley 3 1/2 Litre, chassis-no
#B149BL and had a cabriolet body for this one built by Graber too.
Of significant importance however is that Graber built coachwork for no
less than 32 Bentleys of the post-war period - and recently found photos
of an additional 1952 Bentley Mark VI might
indicate, that he built at least even 33. This figure is a higher one than
could be claimed for this time by such well-known coachbuilders like
Gurney Nutting or Vanden Plas. Of all non-British coachbuilders, who built
bodies for Rolls-Royce and Bentley during the post-war period, Graber was
the most successful! Curiously most advertisements offering a Bentley with
a Graber-body usually state "one-off" or "unique". It
should be said that this is not completely true. It might be a fact
however, that the Graber name is scarcely a household word, one known
largely to connoisseurs.

Bentley Mark VI, 1947, #B134BH, Graber drophead coupe
Work started on the first Bentley Mark VI Cabriolet by Graber in
February 1947. Three further examples were finished in the course of the
same year. His first Bentley Mark VI was one of the very first models, the
chassis had been delivered from the factory in Crewe to the London depot
Lillie Hall in November 1946. The very first Bentley Mark VI chassis had
been delivered only a few months previously. Rolls-Royce's Swiss retailer
in Berne was Bellevue Garage AG. On later cars' chassis cards the retailer S.A. du Garage de`L Athenee in Geneve was to be found. Interrupted
sometimes by long gaps Bentley R, S1, S1
Continental and S3 Continental received coachwork by Graber. All were two
door, drop head coupes (cabriolets respectively) or two door fixed head
coupes. With the exception of few `two' seaters they offered space for
four passengers.

Bentley Mark VI, 1947, #B190BH, Graber fixed head coupe
Common
feature of all Graber bodies was that they had been tailored to suit
customers' demands perfectly; and as regards the quality there was no
compromise. Some clients '
wishes had to be dealt with even before chassis with engine was sent from
England to Switzerland. The Bentley R Continental with chassis-no. *BC77C*
for example was fitted with a standard-gearbox at the factory following
the customer's order who disliked the ratios of the Continental-gearbox.
Alterations or additions of minor character were noted on almost all
Bentley chassis-cards destined for Graber: speedometer in kilometres,
double filament headlamp bulbs and quite often a plain radiator cap in
addition to the standard one. Might this be a hint that in safe
Switzerland, owners by fixing a plain cap to the radiator, wanted to make
sure that their precious mascot would not be stolen?
A second Swiss coachbuilder had a hand in altering a drop head coupe by
Graber. Mr. Stürm of Muttenz had been Graber 's
loyal customer with regular orders for drop head coupes. Starting after
WWII with an elegant Delahaye he had then ordered a 1952 Bentley Mark VI
and this one was followed by a Bentley R Continental, chassis-no #BC68D.
He found however that in cold or wet conditions driving was not too
pleasant as the minimum size rear light spoiled visibility. He asked
Hermann Graber to alter the drop head coupe into fixed head coupe by
adding a hard top. Graber blankly refused to alter his creation! As Mr.
Stürm was not a man to accept this he went straight ahead to the
Basel-based coachbuilder Walter Köng and ordered the work to be done
there. When Graber learned about this decision he changed his mind and
provided Walter Köng with drawings for the work to be carried out. It all
ended by Köng's
work showing lines familiar from Graber's
Alvis Coupes - and with a very satisfied customer, whose son still owns
the beautiful Bentley Continental.

Bentley R Contin ental,
1955, #BC68D, originally drophead coupe by Graber this body was altered by
Köng of Basel into a fixed head coupe.
(Photo
courtesy of Caspar F.V. Stürm, Muttenz)
Bentley motor cars were high-class as regards quality and price, and
this limited the number of potential buyers. Hermann Graber believed that
his pre-war contacts with French manufacturers like Delahaye, Talbot-Lago
etc., which he had pursued again after the hostilities ended, didn't offer
sound basis for future cooperation. Actually of these companies none
survived for reasonable time as manufacturers of motor cars.
At about this time he decided to co-operate with the English company
Alvis. In 1952 he had bought six Alvis TA21 chassis from the
Coventry-based company. One of these fitted with a saloon body was a star
at the 1953 Geneva Show. A sister Alvis, but this time drop head coupe,
was the attraction of the following year 's
Geneva Show. All in all some 150 Swiss-bodied Alvis resulted from the
contact between the coachbuilder from the Alpine republic and the
manufacturer from the United Kingdom. Although Graber arranged for
contract to become Alvis'
general agent for Switzerland, he continued to build coachwork for
Aston-Martin, Bentley, Lagonda and Rover.
His connection with Alvis however leads on winding paths to a
remarkable influence as regards features in the design of several Bentley
Continental, whose bodies were built at Park Ward. In an attempt to push
sales figures Alvis had arranged for design drawings and wooden body
formers of the 1956/57 Graber coachwork to be copied or taken over; and
then contracted the English company Willowbrook to produce bodies.
Willowbrook however had miscalculated badly and almost immediately faced
severe financial difficulties. Production there stopped after only 16
bodies had been built.
One and a half year later the problem was solved by Alvis and the car
was offered with but slightly altered coachwork. This body was produced by
Park Ward! Park Ward had taken over the basic lines of the Graber-design.
The new version by Park Ward having been lengthened offered more room for
rear seat passengers and a more spacious boot. Some of these Alvis, which
were less expensive than the still available original Graber-bodied ones,
were even sold by Hermann Graber`s agency. Rolls-Royce's archive contained
photos taken at the Park Ward factory in 1959 showing Rolls-Royce and
Alvis side by side with special coachwork in different stages of
completion.

Bentley Mark VI, 1947, #B136BH, Graber drophead coupe
(Photo
courtesy of Dr. Vladimir Bär)
Knowing about this connection there remains no mystery as to why some
Bentley Continental with coachwork by Park Ward seem quite closely related
to Graber-style from outward appearance. After all at Park Ward panels
were beaten on those wooden body formers, which had been made for Graber 's
coachwork. Mulliner Park Ward's
documents have been handed over to the Hunt House in Paulerspury,
headquarter of the Rolls-Royce Enthusiasts' Club, about two or three years
ago. Possibly some more surprising information might be gained from
detailed study there.
What has been found as information from a Swiss source sounds rather
strange. Hermann Graber was accused to have been really harsh in his
attitude to women in general. This went so far that he estimated any
gallant gentleman to waste his time by kindly opening the door to the
passenger's seat - and he blocked this by arranging that on most of his
cars the offside door couldn't be opened from outside. The driver had to
enter his car and reach over to the inner handle for opening. This might
explain why Graber's widow is said to have ordered all wooden body formers
that were left to be destroyed by fire after only a short time had passed
since her husband's death.
Hermann Graber died at the age of 66 on 24th August 1970. The results
of his outstanding skill, to build beautiful coachwork for Bentley motor
cars, survive their creator not only in the form of products by
Carrosserie Graber but also by those whose design was influenced to a
remarkable degree by the Swiss coachbuilder.
| Rolls-Royce
20 H.P. |
| Delivered |
Chassis-No. |
|
Type of
Coachwork |
| 1933 |
GZK58 |
++ |
dhc
(re-bodied, original coachwork had been tourer by Gangloff) |
|
Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud I |
| 1956 |
LSWA30 |
++ |
dhc |
| |
|
|
|
| Bentley
3 1/2 Litre |
| Delivered |
Chassis-No. |
|
Type of
Coachwork |
| 1/34 |
B149BL |
++ |
dhc |
|
|
|
|
| Bentley
Mark VI |
| Delivered |
Chassis-No |
|
Type of
Coachwork |
| 11/1946 |
B86AK |
++ |
dhc |
| 5/1947 |
B105AJ |
|
dhc |
| 7/1947 |
B134BH |
++ |
dhc |
| 7/1947 |
B136BH |
++ |
dhc |
| 1/1948 |
B190CF |
++ |
dhc |
| 10/1949 |
B82FV |
++ |
dhc |
| 7/1950 |
B74HR |
++ |
dhc |
| 9/1950 |
B189HP |
++ |
dhc |
| 2/1951 |
B161JN |
++ |
dhc |
| 3/1951 |
B190BH |
++ |
fhc
(originally a 1947 Standard Steel Sports Saloon; re- bodied by
Graber and presumably the 1951 Geneva Show Car) |
| 7/1951 |
B214JO |
++ |
fhc |
| 12/1951 |
B146MD |
|
fhc |
| 12/1951 |
B182MD |
++ |
dhc |
| 4/1952 |
B190MD |
++ |
fhc
(later altered into a cabriolet) |
| 5/1952 |
B188MD |
++ |
dhc |
| 6/1952 |
B184MD |
|
fhc |
| 9/1952 |
B192MD |
++ |
dhc |
|
|
|
(a set of
photos exists which show an additional rhd Bentley Mark VI with dhc
body by Graber; this car was registered BL 3053 (CH) and built in
1952 to the order of Mr. Stürm of Muttenz) |
| 7/1953 |
B74NZ |
++ |
dhc |
++ denotes that the car still exists |
|